It is the pursuit, use, and
maintenance of power that controls the actions of the characters in The
Great Gatsby. The strategies that are used to acquire this power and the
forms of power are diverse, yet it is power none the less that peaks as a theme
to the reader. The characters Tom Buchanan, Jay Gatsby, and Nick come from
different backgrounds and yet the power they hold or wish to hold still tie
them together. Tom uses a forceful power that involves his strength, both
physical and otherwise. Yet, Gatsby in comparison thirsts for a power that is
more reliant on inner strength and devotion. Even Nick who appears to be a
blunt narrator uses his intellectual power to draw extensive understanding of
social dynamics.
Tom Buchanan constantly showed
that power could be obtained and used through force. He used both his social
and physical strength to gain the power of control that he used to manipulate
his wife, his mistress, and even his peers. It is stated that “His family was
enormously wealthy” which came from the older ties and prestige that leant his
power of title or social standing. He used this title to first attract Daisy
and then keep her from the loving arms of the “new money” Gatsby.
If his social standing did not
bring him what he wanted Tom could use his “enormous power of that body”, as a
way of physically convincing those around him to submit to his dominance. He is
described in the book as someone with “a great pack of muscle shifting when his
shoulder moved under his thin coat. It was a body capable of enormous
leverage-a cruel body.” His body is cruel and harsh which seems to show that he
is capable of physical dominance of those around him. Even under his coat a
pack of muscle cannot be hidden, much in the way that Tom’s power cannot be
hidden.
Tom’s physical and social
power of manipulation and control is shown through his action s and
mannerisms. Tom’s character is forceful and aggressive. It was described that
Tom had a “hard mouth and supercilious manner. Two shining arrogant eyes had
established dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always
leaning aggressively forward.” His body was not only fearful but the fact that
he was open to flaunting it with allowing for the appearance of leaning forward
shows that he is knowledgeable of the fact that he can intimidate others. With
his strong physicality and limit of guilt towards those who were beneath his
station Tom was physically rough with other characters. For example, “He walked
quickly over to Wilson and standing in front of his seized his firmly by the
upper arms.” Also, “making a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose
with his open hand.’ Then he made a harsh sound in his throat and with a
violent, thrusting movement of his powerful arms pushed his way through.” He
was able to control what Mr. and Mrs. Wilson said as well as call attention to
himself when he said, “Listen to me!’ muttered Tom fiercely.”
Tom used his physical and
social power when he felt that he was challenged by those he considered weaker
than himself. He controlled Daisy’s feelings for Gatsby, he physically
controlled his mistress Myrtle, and he even pushed around Nick and Mr. Wilson
in order to get the two men to bend to his will.
Gatsby had an inner power that
fed everything he did in his life. It was the inner power that had transformed
him from James Gatz to Jay Gatsby and it was this inner power that kept him
fighting for the one thing he wanted above all else, Daisy.
Unlike Tom’s brute power
Gatsby’s innerpower of will and determination seemed more refined. When others
would give up on a situation it was Gatsby who kept moving forward to bring him
closer to the past. For example, when the book stated, “left him standing there
in the moonlight-watching over nothing.” His forelorn actions seemed to show
his desperation that was contained inside of his continuous power. Like in the
statement, “He put his hands in his coat pockets and turned back eagerly to his
scrutiny of the house, as though my presence marred the sadness of the
vigil.” Gatsby was out to prove that he was somebody first through the eyes of
the world and then through the eyes of Daisy. He is caught saying “I didn’t
want you to think I was just some nobody. You see I usually find myself among
strangers because I drift here and there trying to forget the sad thing that
happened to me.”
“Who is he?’ I demanded. “Do you
know?”
Those around him could tell
that there was something great about Gatsby. Mos believed it was his wealth and
his title, and yet nick after closer review saw the real reason behind Gatsby’s
greatness. His real greatness came from his very inner being. The part of him
that would barely show except through his smile.
“He smiled understandingly-much more that
understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal
reassurance in it that you may come across four or five times in a life. It
faces- or seemed to face- the whole external world for an instant, and then
concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. It understood
you just so far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you would like to
believe in yourself and assured you that it had precisely the impression of you
that, at your best, you hoped to convey.”
“But I am slow thinking and full of
interior rules that act as brakes on my desires, and I knew that first I had to
get myself definitely out of that tangle back home.”
“Everyone suspects himself of at least one
of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people
that I have ever known.”